In today's entry, the following events are modelled:
New and updated topic map files:
Another simple entry today . Samuel visits a house adjacent to the Navy Office with a view to taking it over, dines and chats with his brother, and then they visit his mother with whom they discuss money.
Not much worthy of note today: I created a topic for “John Pepys London house” as it is discussed but there is no indication of the address. News arrives whilst Pepys is at his mother's of three ill relatives; I have included this as a contextual mention, but maybe there should be a simple news event.
Kal and I seem to have different ideas on topic name capitalisation, and it's starting to look a little untidy. Once I have persuaded him with the forceable use of my heavy copy of the Oxford Style Manual to do it my way, I'll go back and tidy them up.
New and updated topic map files:
The entry for today is quite short. The Pepys are visited by Mrs Ramsey, with whom they attend church, and then take back home to dine. They attend church again in the afternoon, and return this time with Sir William Penn. Elizabeth Pepys then leaves with Penn to visit his daughter, about whom she has disparaging remarks to make.
Not too much development today. I introduced an event subclass of church service, and it seemed sensible to change the classing of funeral as a result to a subclass of this new topic. Other than that, the only point of note is the decision to include Elizabeth's assessment of Margaret Lowther's looks as a occurrence on Margaret Lowther, scoped by the event as well as by Elizabeth Pepys. The rationale for this is that, whilst previous descriptive additions have been Samuel commenting on an event, this note deserves to be an occurrence on Margaret Lowther herself. By including a scope of the event a connection is provided to the relevant diary entry, and allows for changing opinion through the course of the diary.
St Olave's church has been added to places.
I left unmodelled a domestic incident regarding control of linen. Perhaps it might be worth including an incidental event type for this kind of happening, where the nature of the event is included as a description.
New and updated topic map files:
In today's entry Samuel spends the day visiting friends. The following events are modelled:
A couple of new introductions to the ontology were required for this entry. Firstly, I added instrument to the roles available for a performance event, and created guitar and voice instances thereof. I also introduced a friend-of association to document the French friend of M d'Esquier; I have therefore added some additional friendship relationships to the people map for those individuals Samuel refers to a friends in the diary. I also added a via role for travelling events, to document the trip home via London Bridge.
Looking over the people map lit the spark of my days as an encyclopedia editor, so I went through all the names and attempted some standardisation of the names. The usual system for indexing is “Surname, Name (Honorific) (Title)”, for instance “Montagu, Edward (Sir) (Earl of Sandwich)”; peers should also be indexed via the title, but as LTM only allows for one sort name I opted for the above, as the title itself is indexed separately as part of the office holding event. I have not attempted to standardise the use of Mr and Mrs (except by removing the point for all, in line with modern usage); this is something I will discuss with Kal. An example peerage entry is then:
[sir-edward-montagu : man = "Sir Edward Montague (Earl of Sandwich)"; "Montagu, Edward (Sir) (Earl of Sandwich)"
= "My Lord" / samuel-pepys
= "Earl of Sandwich" / sir-edward-montagu-earl-of-sandwich
@"http://www.pepysdiary.com/p/112.php"]
[sir-edward-montagu-earl-of-sandwich : office-holding-event
= "Sir Edward Montagu, Earl of Sandwich"
= "Earl of Sandwich" / sir-edward-montagu-earl-of-sandwich]
participation( sir-edward-montagu-earl-of-sandwich : event,
sir-edward-montagu : office-holder,
earl-of-sandwich : office-held )
[earl-of-sandwich : office = "Earl of Sandwich"]
Unnamed people are subindexed to a known connection:
[thomas-townshend-wife : woman = "Unnamed Wife of Thomas Townshend";"Townshend, Thomas; wife of"
@"http://www.techquila.com/psi/pepys/people/#thomas-townshend-wife"]
married-to (thomas-townshend : spouse, thomas-townshend-wife : spouse)
[captain-ferrers-lady : woman = "Unnamed Lady of Captain Ferrers";"Ferrers, Robert; lady of"
@"http://www.techquila.com/psi/pepys/people/#captain-ferrers-lady"]
friend-of ( captain-ferrers-lady : friend, samuel-pepys : friend )
These can, of course, be amended if their identity is later made clear. The latter in particular proved ambiguous as the diary refers to “Captain Ferrers' lady” – the precise relationship being unclear, I could not include a married-to association, so made do with a insinuative friend-of, arched eyebrows and all.
I have also split out non-diary dates to a separate pepys-diary-dates map; later I will move all the diary entry dates there. The dates map provides the Gregorian dates as alternative base names (scoped by a new topic gregorian), and I would propose to additionally provide a name scoped by dairy-entry, as the diary entries name the day of the week, for instance:
[date-16610715 : date = "15th July 1661"; "16610715"
= "Monday 15th July 1661"; "16610715" / diary-entry
= "25th July 1661";"16610725" / gregorian
@"http://www.techquila.com/psi/date-time/?gDateTime=1661-07-25"]
It occurs to me that as the map expands, some editorial guidelines will be very useful. I therefore intend to create an additional map, pepys-diary-editorial, which provides occurences of type editorial note for thematic and ontological topics. This will also be useful if the pool of editors expands beyond Kal and I.
New and updated topic map files:
Family relationships ontology.
Today's entry consists mainly of two chance encounters – with a Mr. Joseph Hill and with Samuel's friend Henry Moore – and the conversations he has with them concerning politics and his uncle Robert's will respectively.
The abstractions which Mr. Hill and Samuel discuss (the Church, the state, etc.) has led me to introduce a new topic map entitled pepys-diary-culture, in which topics relating to all aspects of culture are included for merging. This includes politics, religion, and education as well as art and letters. I shall over the next two weeks be going back over the published entry maps, and transferring relevant topics to the new map.
The continuing references to Samuel's uncle's estate has led to a similar decision with respect to “things”. The new map pepys-map-artifacts recurring objects, including abstractions such as the estate.
Finally, to faciliate the culture aspect, I've introduced an ontological term of “institution” as a wide-ranging topic which indicates that a place has organisational or corporate significance. This includes Parliament, university colleges, and so on.
New and updated topic map files:
Family relationships ontology.
From today's entry the following events are modelled:
As Samuel both receives and sends correspondence today, I thought I would add some topics for correspondence. A correspondence event topic has been created to cover both sending and receipt of correspondence, and then a simple participation association is used to document sender, sender address, recipient, receipient address, and the item involved. If required, we can develop a more structured view of this later.
New and updated topic map files:
Family relationships ontology.
The PSIs for the 1661 dates for 21 July, 22 July and 23 July had been incorrectly calculated in the conversion to Gregorian (see the previous note); these topic maps have been reloaded with corrections.
I checked the further entries with a rather natty multiple calendar converter here.
The corrected topics maps are:
From today's entry the following events are modelled:
A busy day for my first entry as guest editor. The most interesting event is the discussion with Sir George Lane regarding a lease on Thomas Pepys' house. The house forms part of the estate of Robert Pepys, and is currently inhabited by Thomas. Originally I simply modelled this as a discussion between Thomas, Samuel and Lane regarding the estate (for which a topic has been previously created); however I decided to revise this and create a topic specifically for the house as it is the subject of a later lease, and is also the location of the surrounding events.
I added a "located near" association type as the house is near St Martins Lane, rather than actually on it. More specific proximity associations may be useful.
To model the theft, I created a theft event type, and dated an instance of it as "start before" the current date, as the actual date of the theft is not stated; this event was then used as the subject for a discussion between Elizabeth and Samuel.
At the end of the entry, Samuel learns that his servant Will Hewer also lost a clock in the theft (and is apparently "very glad" at this). As there are no details of who imparts this information, I have left it currently unmodelled.
New and updated topic map files:
Family relationships ontology.
Please welcome Stuart Brown of OxfordML as "guest editor" for the Pepys' topic maps. I'm going to be off on holiday from the end of next week and Stuart has very kindly agreed to take on the task of keeping up with the diary in my absence.
From today's entry the following events are modelled:
This last event is a little tricky as Samuel had intended to visit his uncle William Wight, but on finding him out stayed for a while with his aunt. The question is whether intention should be modelled in the topic map and if so, how. Alternatively (and the approach I have taken) we simply model the reported facts and not the reported intention - thus we can say that Samuel had an unintentional "meeting" with his aunt (if his uncle had been in, then the event would have been an intentional "visit").
Finally there is the mention of Pepys' sister "Pall" - however as this mention is not linked in to any particular event, I currently lack the means to model it. I could, of course, create a "mentioned" association between the topic representing "Pall" with a topic representing the diary entry, but then by extension every other person and place mentioned by the diary should also be associated in this way. For now my decision is to leave out the mention and continue to focus just on modelling the people, places and events reported in the diary and to leave out modelling of intentions or thoughts.
New and updated topic map files:
Family relationships ontology.
Today's entry consists principally of Samuel's journey from Brampton to London via Hatfield House. I have modelled the entire journey as three separate stages: from Brampton to the Salisbury Arms (in what is now Hertford); from the Salisbury Arms to Smithfield; and from somewhere in London to his home in Seething Lane. The main reason for doing this, rather than modelling the entire journey as one topic is that on the way Samuel picks up a fellow traveller and we are also given some specific times for certain stages of the journey. With these things taken into consideration I felt it easier to model the trip as a sequence of separate journeys.
Also worth noting with today's entry, I have added a birth event type which is used to model genealogical information about William Cecil:
[william-cecil-birth : birth = "Birth of William Cecil (28th March 1591)"] occurs( william-cecil-birth : event, date-15910328 : on) participation( william-cecil-birth : event, william-cecil : born )
Samuel Pepys' relationship to Thomas Fenner (Fenner is his uncle) is not modelled directly by an uncle-nephew association, but instead through more "primitive" family relationships. So Thomas is married to Katherine, Katherine is the sibling of Margaret and Margaret is the parent of Samuel. It may seem a bit contorted at first, but Margaret is also metioned in today's entry, so her relationship to Samuel would have been modelled anyway:
[thomas-fenner : man = "Thomas Fenner"; "Fenner, Thomas" @"http://www.pepysdiary.com/p/749.php"] married-to( katherine-kite : spouse, thomas-fenner : spouse ) [katherine-kite : woman = "Katherine Kite"; "Kite, Katherine" / maiden-name = "Katherine Fenner";"Fenner, Katherine"] sibling-of( katherine-kite : sibling, margaret-pepys : sibling ) [margaret-pepys : woman = "Margaret Kite"; "Kite, Margaret" / maiden-name = "Margaret Pepys";"Pepys, Margaret" @"http://www.pepysdiary.com/p/282.php"] married-to( margaret-pepys : spouse, john-pepys : spouse ) parent-of ( margaret-pepys : parent, samuel-pepys : child )
New and updated topic map files:
Family relationships ontology.
In today's entry I have to deal with some new subject identifiers for existing topics and an extension of the purchasing event to cover an exchange of money for legal documents.
The first event of the day is a dinner at the Pepy's farm with William and Joan Stankes as guests. I originally created a topic for Joan Stankes at the time that I first created a topic for William Stankes. At that point, there was no separate page on the pepysdiary.com site for Joan, so I created a subject identifier for the subject "Joan Stankes" using the techquila.com domain. However as a new page has now appeared on the pepysdiary.com site for Joan, I can make use of that as a subject identifier. Fortunately a topic is allowed to have multiple subject identifiers, so this change is simply a question of adding the subject identifier to the topic definition in the "people" topic map:
[joan-stankes : woman = "Joan Stankes";"Stankes, Joan" = "Goody Stankes";"Stankes, Goody" @"http://www.pepysdiary.com/p/2810.php"]
The next event is a discussion between several people including Samuel about business related to the execution of Robert Pepys' will. The diary does specifically mention a deal relating to the future of Ann Pepys (wife of the late Robert), but also says that they came to agreement that other aspects of the will should be resolved through the law. So I have modelled this disucssion as being about both the subject "Ann Pepys"
event-subject( event-16610721-2 : event, robert-pepys-estate : subject, ann-pepys : subject )
The next event described is the one that is written about last in the diary entry - that is the exchange of 20 pounds for the lease of some land. The language here is somewhat arcane, but as I understand it in this transaction Samuel Pepys holds the lease which is an inheritance from his uncle Robert and William Luffe pays a bond of 20 pounds to receive that lease. This event is witnessed by Lewis Phillips, Robert Barnwell and Richard Piggot.
I decided to model this transaction as a purchasing event, which requires a new role of "vendor" which we have not had before. In addition this event is witnessed and so we need a role of "witness" to be added as well. Finally, I decided that there is a more general concept of "legal transaction" which purchasing could be seen as a subclass of, so it is necessary to insert that subject into the topic type hierarchy.
From pepys-diary-ontology.ltm
/* Legal */ [legal-transaction = "A Legal Transaction" @"http://www.techquila.com/psi/events/#transaction"] superclass-subclass(event : superclass, legal-transaction : subclass) [witness = "Witness" @"http://www.techquila.com/psi/events/#witness"]
/* Purchasing */ [purchasing-event = "A Purchase" @"http://www.techquila.com/psi/events/#purchasing-event"] superclass-subclass(legal-transaction : superclass, purchasing-event : subclass) [purchaser = "Purchaser" @"http://www.techquila.com/psi/events/#purchaser"] [purchased = "Purchased Thing" @"http://www.techquila.com/psi/events/#purchased"] [vendor = "Vendor" @"http://www.techquila.com/psi/events/#vendor"]
As with previous purchasing events, the price paid is recorded as an occurrence on the topic representing the item purchased (in this case the lease). As the price is given in the context of the transaction described by the event topic, that topic is used as a scope. This would allow, for example, multiple prices to be attached to a lease as it changes hands and each price to be related to the exchange where that price was paid.
From the diary entry topic map:
participation( event-16610721-3 : event,
william-luffe : purchaser,
samuel-pepys : vendor,
lease : purchased,
lewis-phillips : witness,
robert-barnwell : witness,
richard-pigott : witness,
pepys-farm : place )
[lease = "Lease of lands at Sturtlow"]
{lease, purchase-price, [[£20]]} / event-16610721-3
The final event described today is a simple dining event with Robert Barnwell, John Bowles as guests of Samuel Pepys.
New and updated topic map files:
Family relationships ontology.
Having just borrowed a copy of the Pepys' diaries (edited by R.C. Latham and W. Matthews), I have discovered from reading the notes that the diary entry dates are given not in the Gregorian calendar, but in the Julian calendar. This means that the dates given in the diary are actually 10 days earlier than the corresponding Georgian calendar date.
From now on I will be using the Julian dates in the titles of date and date-time instances, but will translate the subject indicator URI properly. e.g.
[today : date = "Saturday 20th July 1661"; "16610720" @"http://www.techquila.com/psi/date-time/?gDateTime=1661-06-30"]
During the forthcoming refactoring of the already published topic maps I'll be updating all date-time subject indicators to make them consistent.
Today's entry centers around Samuel's trip to Huntingdon. No details are given about his journey there, so this is not modelled explicity as a separate topic. Rather the diary entry starts with his visit to Sir Robert Bernard. During this visit several other events take place:
1) A discussion with Jaspar Trice about the estate of Robert Pepys
2) A discussion with Sir Robert Bernard about a debt owed to the two men
3) Dinner with Sir Robert Bernard and Lady Digby (Bernard's wife)
Following this, Samuel visits Lewis Phillips and then meets several people in a tavern identified only as "Mother ???"
The boozing ends at about 9pm according to the diary when Samuel walks home. Seeing as we have more specific details about this journey (start time and method of travel), the journey home is represented by a topic.
The final event described is Samuel's visit to Goody Gorham's alehouse to discuss business with his father, Tom Trice and others.
New and updated topic map files:
Family relationships ontology.
Today's entry introduces two new individuals, and demonstrates the use of associations to model partial knowledge.
First, Mr. Stankes is mentioned as being appointed as the bailie (bayly) for the Pepy's interests at Brampton. This is modelled as a new office-holding event with a start date placed some time in the range covered by this entry (16th to 19th July).
Samuel writes that his father and himself travel across the lands that they own, mentioning Offord and Sturtlow in particular. Although the diary does not tell us whether this is two separate journeys or a single tour, I have chosen to model it as two separate travelling events, each starting and ending within the date range of the entry.
The second new individual is Sir Robert Bernard, Sargeant-at-law, Lord of the Manor at Brampton and Recorder of Huntingdon. I have modelled all three offices as three separate office-holding events. All we know from today's entry is that Sir Robert has arrived in the country - we do not know where he has travelled from or when he departed, nor do we know for sure that he arrived on the day of the diary entry. As a result of all of this uncertainty, the travelling event is modelled quite loosely with the unknown factors being left out of the association.
[event-16610719-4 : journey = "Sir Robert Bernard travels to Brampton"; "16610719-4"] occurs( event-16610719-4 : event, end-before : today) participation( event-16610719-4 : event, sir-robert-bernard : traveller ) route-taken( event-16610719-4 : event, huntingdon : route-end )
New and updated topic map files:
Family relationships ontology.
Today sees the release of the latest version of TM4J, the open-source topic map engine. This release is primarily a bug-fix release, but also enhances the tolog query implementation to enable dynamic association predicates to use a variable for the association type, thus allowing queries such as: $ASSOC(foo, bar) to find the type of all associations between topics foo and bar.
Source and binary distributions can be downloaded from the TM4J SourceForge page.
Today's entry although quite long does not introduce much in the way of new concepts. The only new event type introduced here is a "meeting-event" to describe the party at the Rose Tavern:
Then with Dr. Fairbrother (whom I met there) to the Rose tavern, and called for some wine, and there met fortunately with Mr. Turner of our office, and sent for his wife, and were very merry (they being come to settle their son here), and sent also for Mr. Sanchy, of Magdalen...
In this quote, the concept of "visit" that we have used so far (a person travels to a location with the intention of being at that location or interacting with another person at that location) is not really applicable to the coincidence of meeting Mr. Turner. So I have introduced a new event type "meeting". However, the later arrivals of Mrs. Turner and Mr. Sanchy are modelled as "visit" events because the text makes it clear that the reason for them coming to the tavern is to meet one or more of the people already there.
This raises an interesting question - is a "meeting" a more general case of a "visit"? In one respect, it is - a meeting could be intentional or unintentional. In another respsect it is not - a meeting involves at least two people, whereas I have previously use a "visit" to model a person travelling to a location. Possibly this points to a need to review the definition of "visit" and refactor those associations where only one person is involved to be a "journey" rather than a "visit" and restrict "visit" events to involving at least two people, one of whom travelled to the location of the visit.
The other change worth noting is that the subject of Robert Pepy's estate has come up again. To link this to the previous mention of this subject (on 13th July 1661), I have added a subject indicator to this topic both for this entry's topic map and the 13th July topic map.
New and updated topic map files:
Updated topic map for the 13th July 1661 entry.
Family relationships ontology.
In today's entry, reference is made to Robert Barnwell. As well as creating a topic for Mr. Barnwell in the people topic map, I have added some additional information taken from an annotation on the pepysdiary.com site. In particular that Robert Barnwell was the steward of Hinchingbroke from
The office of Steward of Hinchingbroke is modelled as a topic, and the holding of that office by Robert Barnwell is also a topic.
[robert-barnwell : man = "Robert Barnwell"; "Barnwell, Robert" @"http://www.pepysdiary.com/p/1091.php"] [robert-barnwell-steward : office-holding-event = "Robert Barnwell was steward at Hinchingbroke from at least 1655"] [steward-of-hitchingbroke : office = "Steward of Hinchingbroke"]
Next, the fact that this office was held by Mr. Barnwell from as late as 1655 is modelled using an event occurrence association with a topic for the year 1655 playing the role "start-before". At the moment I don't have any information about when he left that office, so the occurs association only has one role.
[year-1655 : date = "1655"; "16650100" @"http://www.techquila.com/psi/date-time/?gDateTime=1655"] occurs(robert-barnwell-steward : event, year-1655 : start-before)
The office held by Robert Barnwell was conferred upon him by his Lord, Sir Edward Montagu, Earl of Sandwich. This requires a new role of "office-conferer" which is included in the participation association for the office-holding event.
participation( robert-barnwell-steward : office-holder, steward-of-hitchingbroke : office-held, sir-edward-montagu : office-conferer )
Finally, it is worth also modelling that the office of "Steward of Hinchingbroke" has a responsibility for Hinchingbroke. I have modelled the responsibility as being that of the office, not of the man - the reason being that when the holder of the office changes, the responsibility passes automatically from the old office holder to the new office holder, it is therefore more logical to see the responsibility as being something "anchored on" the office and not on the office holder. In general I feel that an office- or role-centered ontology is a useful and accurate way of reflecting the human make-up of organisations.
responsible-for( steward-of-hitchingbroke : responsible, hinchingbroke : responsibility)
The events of the day are modelled as normal - there is a single dining event (with Robert Barnwell as the guest), and two visiting events one to Portholme and one to Hinchingbroke (neatly closing the loop with Robert Barnwell!)
New and updated topic map files:
Family relationships ontology.
The topic map for this diary entry records two linked events and it is worth examining these in a bit of detail. Much of the start of the entry I have ignored for now as it deals with a general process of arranging the estate of Robert Pepys. The events I have modelled are the return of Mr Phillips from London to Brampton, and the disucssion between Samuel Pepys, John Pepys and Mr Phillips regarding the estate of Robert.
The travelling is modelled using a topic in much the same way as Samuel's journey to Brampton was:
[event-16610713-1 : travelling-event = "Lewis Phillips travels from London to Brampton"] participation(event-16610713-1 : event, lewis-phillips : traveller) route-taken( event-16610713-1 : event, london : from, brampton : to)
The difference here is that we are not told exactly when this journey occurs, we only have the date range of the entry to go on. The diary entry makes it clear that Mr. Phillips arrival was towards the end of the period covered, which means that we can justifiably rule out any day before 8th July as the start date for the travel, and we know that he arrived by the end of the period covered. So we have earliest and latest bounds for both the start and end of the event and use these to make a 4-ary association describing when the event occurs.
occurs(event-16610713-1 : event, entry-start : start-after, today : start-before, entry-start : end-after, today : end-before)
The second event (the discussion) must follow the first as Mr. Phillips must have arrived in Brampton before having the discussion. So we can use the first event as an earliest bound on the discussion event and the end of the diary entry period as a ltest bound.
[event-16610713-2 : discussion = "Samuel and John Pepys discuss Robert Pepys' estate with Mr. Phillips"] occurs( event-16610713-2 : event, event-16610713-1 : start-after, today : end-before ) participation( event-16610713-2 : event, john-pepys : interlocutor, samuel-pepys : interlocutor, lewis-phillips : interlocutor) event-subject( event-16610713-2 : event, robert-pepys-estate : subject) [robert-pepys-estate = "The estate of Robert Pepys"]
Note that for now, the estate of Robert Pepys is simply named and not assigned a subject identifier - if future diary entries make further reference to it, it may be necessary to create and assign a subject identifier for this topic.
New and updated topic map files:
Family relationships ontology.
The principal event of this day (and the only one we will model) is the burial of Samuel's deceased uncle Robert. As with our previous funeral, the event is modelled as a topic with a participation association which lists the known attendees. In this case, Robert Pepys as the deceased, Samuel and his father as mourners and Mr. Taylor and Mr. Turner as officiating in one respect or another. Interestingly Samuel says that Mr. Taylor "buried" his uncle and Mr. Turner spoke a funeral sermon. In this association, I have modelled both roles as "priest", however, I would happily receive guidance on more specific role types.
New and updated topic map files:
Family relationships ontology.
Today's sequence of events starts with Samuel receiving the news that his uncle Robert died on the preceding day. So the first event to model is that death.
Samuel pays a visit to William Wight and Lady Jemima Montagu, to inform them of the news, and presumably to excuse his later absence. Although there is an implicit "visits" event - there is nothing explicit in the diary to say where Samuel went to pass on his news. For this reason, I have chosen only to represent the discussion events and not the visit events.
Samuel then proceeds to St. Martin's (St. Martin's Lane) and buys a pair of boots before setting out on his journey. This can be modelled in the same way as his previous purchases.
The journey is modelled as a topic. The route of the journey (from the Post Office in London to the Pepys' farm at Brampton) is modelled using an association, with the location topics playing the roles of journey start and end). As Samuel provides some approximate times for his travels, we can model the timing of the journey using an association. In this case, Samuel gives his start time as between 11am and midday and his arrival time as 9pm. This is modelled using a 3-ary association with two roles delimiting the earliest and latest start time, and one role identifying the end time.
New and updated topic map files:
Family relationships ontology.
Just two events to describe in today's entry. First is Samuel's visit to his
office (note to self: I should revisit the previous entries and add office
visit events which I originally skipped). The second is his calling on
Sir William Batten.
New and updated topic map files:
Family relationships ontology.
The events described by this diary entry are:
1) Samuel visits the theatre to see a performance of "Clarcilla". A combination
of the annotations on the pepysdiary.com site and some quick googling shows
that this is a play (not an opera), performed by the theatre company of
Sir Thomas Killigrew, also known as the "King's Company".
2) Samuel calls on his father
3) Samuel visits the Royal Exchange
4) Samuel goes to the Mitre tavern with his uncle William Wight. The
Mitre is typed as a "tavern" which is a subclass of "building"
which is in turn a subclass of "place". The location of the Mitre
is given in the pepysdiary.com annotations as Fenchurch Street.
Fenchurch Street is modelled as a "thoroughfare" and the location
of the Mitre is given by a "located-on" association.
[the-mitre : tavern = "The Mitre"
@"http://www.pepysdiary.com/p/910.php"]
[fenchurch-st : thoroughfare = "Fenchurch Street"]
located-on(the-mitre : place, fenchurch-st : route)
5) Samuel and William discuss the fact that Samuel's father has travelled to
the Pepys' farm at Brampton. This implies and event of John Pepys travelling
to Brampton.
6) Samuel and Mr Batersby (also known as John Battersby) the apothecary
discuss Samuel's uncle's haemmoroids (I wonder just how "merry" Sam
had to be to get on to this topic of conversation!).
New and updated topic map files:
Family relationships ontology.
Today's entry introduces quite a few new characters and many new social relationships.
The events identified in todays entry:
1) Visit to Mr. Edward Montagu
2) Dining with Lady Jemima Montagu ("my Lady")
3) The death of Samuel Crew - a retrospective event as the death occurred on 2nd July 1661
4) Samuel enquires after some "Spanish books" in Duck Lane
5) Samuel visits Sir William Batten (with others)
6) Elizabeth Pepys and Lady Elizabeth Batten attend the funeral of an unnamed daughter of Sir John Lawson
7) The employment of Samuel Pepys by Sir Edward Montagu.
(1) and (2) are modelled in the same way as preceding events of a similar type. (2) also introduces "the Wardrobe" as a new place.
Although (3) actually happened the day before, it is modelled in the topic map for this entry:
/* Retrospective event : Samuel Crew dies of spotted fever */
[event-16610702-r01 : death
= "Death of Samuel Crew (2nd July 1661)"; "event-16610702-r01"]
participation( event-16610702-r01 : result,
samuel-crew : deceased )
cause-of-death( event-16610702-r01 : death,
spotted-fever : cause )
[spotted-fever : disease = "Spotted Fever"]
{spotted-fever, description, [[ "A fever characterised by the appearance of spots on the skin; now spec. (a) epidemic cerebrospinal meningiti; (b) typhus; (c) Rocky Mountain spotted fever" ]]} / soed
Note that I have also included a new occurrence type of "description" which, for the "spotted fever" topic I have use to quote from the Shorter Oxford English Dictionary (my new prized possession ;-) - hence the strangely named "soed" topic used to scope the occurrence.
(4) I struggle to model properly. Ideally I would like to model the intent to purchase Spanish books from a Duck Lane. I suspect that Tom Passin's suggestion of using thematic roles and bringing the model closer to that of conceptual graphs will help here. So I am temporarly putting off modelling this event.
(5) Is simply modelled as another "visiting event"
(6) Introduces some interesting problems:
This day my Lady Batten and my wife were at the burial of a daughter of Sir John Lawson’s, and had rings for themselves and their husbands.
I have chosen to model the funeral as another subclass of event. The daughter of Sir John Lawson is unamed, so she is modelled using a topic that plays the role of "child" in a parent-of relationship with the topic that stands for Sir John Lawson.
[event-16610703-04 : funeral = "Funeral of Sir John Lawson's daughter"; "16610703-04"] participation( event-16610703-04 : event, unknown-daughter : deceased, lady-elizabeth-batten : mourner, elizabeth-pepys : mourner ) [unknown-daughter : woman = "Unnamed Daughter of Sir John Lawson"] parent-of(sir-john-lawson : parent, unknown-daughter : child)
Item (7), the employment of Samuel Pepys by Sir Edward Montagu is not explicit in the diary entry, but it is an important background fact. I have chosen to model employment as a subclass of the office-holding event (which was used in yesterday's entry to model Charles Stuart holding the office of King). As we cannot tell from this entry when that employment started (or when it will end), it is not posisble to attach an "occurs" association to this topic, but it is possible to identify the key participants:
[event-unknown-date-01 : employment = "Employment of Samuel Pepys by Sir Edward Montagu"] participation( event-unknown-date-01 : event, samuel-pepys : employee, sir-edward-montagu : employer)
New and updated topic map files:
Family relationships ontology.
Today's diary entry on pepysdiary.com
Topic-mapping this entry
To Westminster Hall and there walked up and down, it being Term time. Spoke with several, among others my cozen Roger Pepys, who was going up to the Parliament House, and inquired whether I had heard from my father since he went to Brampton, which I had done yesterday, who writes that my uncle is by fits stupid, and like a man that is drunk, and sometimes speechless.
I have chosen to (for now) disregard some of the information given in this sentence. I will concentrate only on Sam's visit to Westminster Hall and his discussion with Roger Pepys.
In yesterday's entry I created a pattern for a "visiting" event that I can reuse here, even though Samuel is not visiting anyone in particular.
[event-16610702-01:visiting-event = "Samuel visits Westminster Hall"; "16610702-01"] occurs(event-16610702-01 : event, today : on) participation( event-16610702-01 : event, samuel-pepys : visitor, westminster-hall : place)
Roger Pepys is a new character and so needs to be described in the topic map of people. This is is current entry.
[roger-pepys : man = "Roger Pepys";"Pepys, Roger" @"http://www.pepysdiary.com/p/247.php"]
There is more information on Roger at the subject indicator URL, but I am not going to model that for now. One of the nice things about building a topic map in this way is that it is always possible to revisit the model and fill in details later on.
The discussion between Roger and Samuel focusses on Samuel's father and his uncle (the relationship of these men to Roger is not clear from the diary entry). To talk about these men as the subject of a conversation, topics are needed to represent them:
[john-pepys : man = "John Pepys";"Pepys, John" @"http://www.pepysdiary.com/p/154.php"] parent-of(john-pepys : parent, samuel-pepys: child) [robert-pepys ="Robert Pepys";"Pepys, Rober" @"http://www.pepysdiary.com/p/884.php"] sibling-of(john-pepys : sibling, robert-pepys : sibling)
This introduces two new association types, 'parent-of' and 'sibling-of'. I have chosen to model these family relationships in a non-gender-specific manner for two reasons
1) It simplifies the model to not have to talk about son-of, daughter-of, and brother/sister relationships.
2) Gender is recorded on the topics that represent people (where known) which means that the gender-specific family relationship can be inferred from the types of the role-playing topics in the non-gender-specific associations.
To model this conversation I also need to create a new subclass of event, the "discussion" event. The participants in the coversation are the interlocutors, and a separate association is used to specify the subject of the conversation. In this case, the subject of the conversation are two other people. Here I have chosen to use a single association to describe the conversation subject in a 3-ary relationship rather than creating two separate binary relationships - as I read this entry, I think that the
[event-16610702-02:discussion-event = "Samuel's discussion with his cousin (2nd July 1661)";"16610702-02"] occurs(event-16610702-02 : event, event-16610702-01 : during) participation( event-16610702-02 : event, samuel-pepys : interlocutor, roger-pepys : interlocutor) event-subject( event-16610702-02 : event, john-pepys : subject, robert-pepys : subject)
Home, and after my singing master had done, took coach and went to Sir William Davenant’s Opera; this being the fourth day that it hath begun, and the first that I have seen it. To-day was acted the second part of “The Siege of Rhodes.”
The singing lesson is glossed, but I have recorded it in the topic map nonetheless. The structure is the same as yesterday's entry.
The visit to the opera I model as being centered around the performance of the opera itself. This requires yet another new subclass of event, "performance" event, with a participation role played by the "company of performers", "Sir William Davenant's Opera Company". This is mentioned as being the second part of the opera, so I have titled the work accordingly.
[event-16610702-04 : performance = "Performance of 'The Siege Of Rhodes' (2nd July 1661)";"16610702-04"] occurs(event-16610702-04 : event, today : on) participation( event-16610702-04 : event, davenants-opera : performer ) performed-work ( event-16610702-04 : performance, the-seige-of-rhodes-part-ii : work ) [davenants-opera : company-of-performers = "Sir William Davenant's Opera Company"] [company-of-performers = "Company of Performers" @"http://www.techquila.com/psi/art/#company-of-performers"] [the-seige-of-rhodes-part-ii : opera = "The Seige Of Rhodes (Second Part)"]
Samuel's participation in this event is as a member of the audience.
participation( event-16610702-04 : event,
samuel-pepys : audience )
There is also a brush with Royalty...
We staid a very great while for the King and the Queen of Bohemia.
So we have two new characters to add. "The King" is Charles II:
[charles-ii : man = "Charles Stuart"; "Stuart, Charles" = "Charles II" / charles-ii-king @"http://www.pepysdiary.com/p/344.php"]
His status as monarch I have modelled as a new type of event, an "office-holding" event. Within the scope of this event, "Charles Stuart" is known as "Charles II" hence this office-holding event is used to scope the name "Charles II". The office-holding event is modelled as:
[charles-ii-king : office-holding-event = "Reign of Charles II"] [monarch-of-england : office = "Monarch Of England"] occurs( charles-ii-king : event, date-1660-05-29 : start, date-1685-02-06 : end ) [date-1660-05-29 : date = "29th May 1660";"16600529" @"http://www.techquila.com/psi/date-time/?gDateTime=1660-05-29"] [date-1685-02-06 : date = "6th February 1685";"16850206" @"http://www.techquila.com/psi/date-time/?gDateTime=1685-02-06"] participation( charles-ii-king : event, charles-ii : office-holder, monarch-of-england : office-held )
The "Queen of Bohemia" is the Lady Elizabeth Stuart.
[elizabeth-stuart : woman = "Lady Elizabeth Stuart (The Queen of Bohemia)" @"http://www.pepysdiary.com/p/833.php"]
The attendence of these royal personages at the opera is modelled in the same way as Samuel's attendance - even if they did cause the whole proceeding to be held up ;-)
participation( event-16610702-04 : event, charles-ii : audience ) participation( event-16610702-04 : event, elizabeth-stuart : audience )
To find out if Samuel got to see the opera and what he thought of it, be sure to read the entry at pepysdiary.com
Download the topic map for today's entry
Download the core ontology topic map
Download the people topic map
Download the places topic map
Today's entry is fortunately quite short and so leaves me some scope to describe my initial approach to doing this topic map and to be a bit more verbose about the mapping.
I propose that the main model for this topic map will be to describe each day as a series of events and at the same time to add descriptive information for participants, places and objects described in relation to each event. For this reason, I have decided to reify each event as a topic.
I will put the topics that represent people and places into separate, parallel topic maps. Fortunately Phil Gyford has already extracted some of the named entities in diary entries and created separate pages for them, so I intend to use those pages as subject indicators where possible.
Topic Mapping This Entry
For each entry I topic map, I will go through the text of the entry primarily in the order in which the text appears. I will use block-quotes to pick out the text being modelled in each section.
This morning I went up and down into the city, to buy several things, as I have lately done, for my house.
This is modelled as a topic of type "visting-event":
[event-16610701-01 : visiting-event
= "Samuel visits the city to purchase items for the house. (1st July 1661)";
"16610701-01"]
I will number the events occurring on a given date in the order of their mention in the diary. For the most part, I expect that this should follow the chronological order of occurrence of the events too. The sort name "16610701-01" is used as a device to get events to sort chronologically in topic map browser applications.
The date of occurrence of events I propose to model as an association, which therefore requires one topic for each day recorded in the diary. So:
[today : date = "Monday 1st July 1661";"16610701" @"http://www.techquila.com/psi/date-time/?gDateTime=1661-06-01"] occurs(event-16610701-01 : event, today : on)
Don't expect that subject indicator URI to resolve to anything (yet) its just a place-holder for now. The gDateTime parameter indicates that the parameter value is a Gregorian calendar date and optional time value.
Finally for this event, I'll model participation in the event as a 3-ary association between the event, the participant (Samuel Pepys) and the place visited. Samuel is none to specific about where he visited, so I'm going to create and use a topic for "London". In general, when I reference topics describing people and places from a diary entry topic map I'll include only the subject indicator for the topic in the diary entry topic map itself and use a separate topic map to keep track of other information related to that subject. For Samuel Pepys, I'm going to use his entry on as a subject indicator. A subject indicator for "London" is a little more troubling because a reference to, for example London on Wikipedia is more focussed on modern London - quite a different place from London in the time of Pepys. Any suggestions for a suitable subject indicator would be gratefully received. For now, I shall create the topic with no subject indicator.
[samuel-pepys @"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Pepys"]
[london = "London, England"]
participation(event-16610701-01 : event,
samuel-pepys : visitor,
london : place)
Among other things, a fair chest of drawers for my own chamber, and an Indian gown for myself. The first cost me 33s., the other 34s.
Well, there is no telling what the "other things" are, but Samuel was proud enough of his furniture and fashion to mention them! Rather than combine this information into our "visiting" event, I'll create a separate "purchasing" event to record this. As it is unlikely that these two items were bought in the same transaction, I'm going to model two separate "purchasing" events. As these purchases are part of Samuel's visit to the city, I shall make a suitable association between each purchasing event and the visiting event.
[event-16610701-02 : purchasing-event = "Samuel buys a chest of drawers (1st July 1661)"; "16610701-02"]
occurs(event-16610701-02 : event, event-16610701-01 : during)
participation(samuel-pepys : purchaser, chest-of-drawers : purchased)
[chest-of-drawers : item = "A 'fair chest of drawers'"]
{chest-of-drawers, purchase-price, [[ 33s. ]]}
[event-16610701-03 : purchasing-event = "Samuel buys an indian gown (1st July 1661)"; "16610701-03"]
occurs(event-16610701-03 : event, event-16610701-01 : during)
participation(samuel-pepys : purchaser, indian-gown : purchased)
[indian-gown : item = "An Indian gown"]
{indian-gown, purchase-price, [[ 32s. ]]}
Home and dined there, and Theodore Goodgroome, my singing master, with me, and then to our singing.
Dining is a huge part of the diary - and quite often done in company which makes meals an interesting thing to track. Again, I'll use a different event type to distinguish "dining" events. Simlarly the lesson I shall model as an event, with an additional association describing the "subject" of the event (I'm assuming that I could use the same pattern later to describe events such as sermons or lectures).
The PepysDiary.com site provides useful URI identifiers for Samuel's home in Seething Lane and for his singing master, Theodore Goodgroome.
[event-16610701-04 : dining-event = "Samuel dines with Theodore Goodgroome (1st July 1661)"; "16610701-04"]
occurs( event-16610701-04 : event, today : on)
participation( event-16610701-04 : event,
samuel-pepys : host,
theodore-goodgroome : guest,
seething-lane-house:place)
[seething-lane-house : place = "Samuel Pepy's Home in Seething Lane"
@"http://www.pepysdiary.com/p/1023.php"]
[theodore-goodgroome = "Theodore Goodgroome"
@"http://www.pepysdiary.com/p/2746.php"]
[event-16610701-05 : lesson = "Samuel takes a singing lesson. (1st July 1661)"; "16610701-05"]
occurs( event-16610701-05 : event, today : on)
participation( event-16610701-05 : event,
samuel-pepys : pupil,
theodore-goodgroome : master,
seething-lane-house : place)
event-subject(event-16610701-05 : event, singing : subject)
Read this diary entry on pepysdiary.com
Download base ontology topic map (LTM)
Download "people" topic map (LTM)
Download the topic map for this entry.
Here's an idea that just struck me on the train on the way home.
Phil Gyford runs an excellent blog of the diary of Samuel Pepys. He blogs entries from the diaries one at a time 343 years to the day from the date of the diary entry (so at the time of writing we are in July 1661).
My idea is to attempt to topic map the entries in parallel with Phil's blogging.
The diary has a lot of interesting features:
Topic maps excel at enabling references between these features to be made and connections not at first apparent by a serial reading of the entries might be revealed. As far as I know there have not been many attempts to topic map a series of events like this so it would be an interesting experiment. I wrote some thoughts on topic mapping events a few weeks ago, so it might also be an interesting way to put that to the test.
So here's the plan:
I'm going to start blogging topic-mapped entries from Pepy's diary. In each blog entry I'll reference the entry, write some explanation about why I'm modelling it in my topic map in the way that I am and then include the topic map for that entry. Initially I plan to use LTM notation as it is more compact and readable than XTM.
It would be nice to make this an interactive process, so I welcome comments and proposals of alternate representations! Also, as I am no Pepys scholar, all I can do is attempt to represent what I read in the entry - I would welcome pointers in the right direction from anyone with more knowledge of this subject.
Seeing as at present there is a hiatus in the diary (there are no entries from 8th to 13th July), I'm going to attempt a bit of catch up from 1st July 1661. Watch this space...